The helicopter, although its concept exists even before Leonardo da Vinci, in the fifteenth century, the first to be able to fly and be controlled was entirely created and piloted in Buenos Aires in 1922. The systems invented by the Argentine Raúl Pateras de Pescara they are still used in the manufacture of the most modern helicopters, at least according to NASA. The Argentine Aircraft Factory is also responsible for several unique machines in the history of aviation. Raúl Pateras Pescara of Castelluccio (Buenos Aires, 1890 - Paris, 1966), Marqués de Pateras-Pescara, was an Argentine lawyer and inventor specialized in helicopters, as well as in engines, compressors, and in the so-called "Free piston engine". At the beginning of the 20th century, his family returned from Buenos Aires to Europe. He worked with Gustavo Eiffel in research with a wind tunnel to test a torpedo model hydroplane called the "Pateras-Pescara" . In 1912, the minister of the Italian Navy evaluated the first aquatic torpedo launcher, based on the Pescara model. Pescara met Alberto Santos Dumont in Paris at the beginning of the First World War. In 1917, he applied for patents number 63,659 in Spain on April 7, 1917, followed by another 98 patents until 1929. In 1919, he built several counter-rotating propeller helicopters mainly described in his tenth French patent number 533,820 sent from Spain on February 21, 1920. Entitled "Rational Helicopter" this patent in fact describes a true helicopter. From 1919 to 1923, he sent more than forty patents to several countries. Equipped with one of these double coaxial rotor vehicles, on April 18, 1924 it was able to reach a new world flight record with 736 meters of travel in 4 minutes 11 seconds (approximately 13 km / h) at a height of 1, 8 m.2 In 1929, together with his brother Enrique, the Italian engineer Moglia, and the Spanish government, he founded the National Automobile Factory with an investment of 70 million pesetas. The National Pescara was exhibited in 1931, in the great palace.3 In 1931 this eight-cylinder car wins the Grand Prix race on the European coast.4 The Spanish Civil War forces Pescara to return to France. On February 28, 1933, the Pescara Auto-compressor company was announced in Luxembourg.5 Public records show its address as Bv. Royal 33. It remained commercially active for 30 years, backed by 6 French patents.6 One of the shareholders was Pescara & Raymond Corporation based in Dover, Delaware, USA. During the second world war, he worked in equipment for electric power in Portugal. The free piston engine once again attracted attention when it was mass produced by SIGMA, the company that developed the GS34, a 1200 HP generator. Pescara met with his children in Paris in 1963 where he completed tasks as an expert in S.N Marep for the 2000-HP engine tests on ELPH 40. Raúl Pateras-Pescara then proposed the production of more powerful machines (new tandem generators based on the classic generators EPLH 40 and GS34).